Amakuru

Vuba aha, itsinda rya kabiri ryigenzura rya guverinoma nkuru ryatanze ibitekerezo kumatsinda yishyaka ryubuyobozi bwa leta. Li Shulei, umunyamabanga wungirije wa Komisiyo Nkuru ishinzwe ubugenzuzi bwa disipulini akaba n’umuyobozi wungirije wa komisiyo ishinzwe ubugenzuzi bwa Leta, yayoboye inama yo gutanga ibitekerezo na Li Li, umunyamabanga akaba n’umuyobozi wungirije w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubuvuzi, yitabiriye inama yo gutanga ibitekerezo ku itsinda rikomeye rya Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubuvuzi, kandi gishyira imbere ibisabwa kugirango ugenzurwe kandi ukosorwe. Iyi nama yagejeje umuyobozi w’ishyaka rikuru ry’ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiyobyabwenge, ijambo ry’ingenzi umunyamabanga mukuru Xi Jinping yavuze ku igenzura. Xue Li, umuyobozi w'itsinda rya kabiri ry'ubugenzuzi bwa guverinoma yo hagati, yari ahagarariye itsinda rishinzwe ubugenzuzi hagati y'umuyobozi mukuru w'ishyaka akaba n'umuyobozi w'ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiyobyabwenge. Itsinda ryatanze ibitekerezo kubibazo byubugenzuzi. Li Li yayoboye inama yo gutanga ibitekerezo ku itsinda ry'abayobozi maze atanga ijambo ku bikorwa byo kugenzura no gukosora. Umuyobozi w'ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiyobyabwenge Jiao Hong yitabiriye inama.

　　Nk’uko byatangajwe na komite nkuru y’ishyaka, kuva muri Gicurasi kugeza muri Kamena 2020, Itsinda rya kabiri ry’Ubugenzuzi bwa Komite Nkuru ryagenzuye buri gihe itsinda ry’ishyaka ry’ubuyobozi bwa Leta bushinzwe ibiyobyabwenge. Itsinda ry’ubugenzuzi ryubahiriza ubuyobozi bwa Xi Jinping Igitekerezo cy’abasosiyalisiti hamwe n’ibiranga abashinwa mu gihe gishya, ashyira mu bikorwa politiki y’imirimo y’ubugenzuzi, yubahiriza umwanya w’ubugenzuzi bwa politiki, afata “inzira ebyiri” nk'igikorwa cy'ibanze, akurikiranira hafi itsinda ry'ishyaka imirimo n'inshingano, bishimangira ubugenzuzi bwa politiki, kandi yibanda ku kugenzura no gushyira mu bikorwa Amahame n'inzira by'ishyaka, amahame, politiki, ibyemezo bikomeye no kohereza Komite Nkuru y'Ishyaka, uburyo bwo gushyiraho ingamba z’imiyoborere yuzuye kandi ikaze y'Ishyaka, umurongo w'ishyaka; mugihe gishya, ubugenzuzi no gukosora, nibindi, biteza imbere inzego nkuru na leta gushimangira kubaka politiki, no gufata iyambere mugushikira "inzira ebyiri", Gukurikiza "ingero eshatu", kubaka ibigo byintangarugero, no guteza imbere ivugurura rya gahunda y'imiyoborere y'igihugu n'ubushobozi bw'imiyoborere. Itsinda rishinzwe imirimo y'ubugenzuzi bukuru ryateze amatwi raporo y'ubugenzuzi bw'itsinda rishinzwe ubugenzuzi maze rimenyesha uko byagenze mu nama ya Komisiyo ihoraho ya Biro ya Politiki ya Komite Nkuru.

Xue Li yerekanye mu bitekerezo bye ko itsinda ry’ishyaka ry’ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge riyobowe n’ibihe bishya bya Xi Jinping by’abasosiyalisiti biranga Ubushinwa. Ubwubatsi bwa politiki bw’ishyaka bwagiye bushimangirwa buhoro buhoro, ishyaka ry’imyumvire yo kuyobora ishyaka ryateye imbere, kandi itsinda ry’abakozi ryateye imbere. Kurinda icyorezo cy'umusonga no kurwanya no guteza imbere inkingo byagize uruhare runini. Ubugenzuzi bwagaragaje kandi ibibazo bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane: kwiga no gushyira mu bikorwa ibitekerezo bya Xi Jinping ku bijyanye n’abasosiyalisiti hamwe n’ibiranga Ubushinwa mu gihe gishya ntibyari byimbitse bihagije, kandi gushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo bikomeye no kohereza Komite Nkuru y’ishyaka ntibyari bihari. Dukurikije “amahame akomeye, ubugenzuzi bukomeye, igihano gikomeye, ndetse na“ Serious accountability ”bisaba ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'inshingano zo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge ridahari, ingamba zo gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge ubuzima bw’ibihe ni bidakomeye bihagije, kandi ingaruka zo guteza imbere ishyirwa mubikorwa ryintego zivuguruzanya kandi zinoze ntizigaragara; ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba zuzuye kandi zikaze z’imiyoborere y’ishyaka ntirihagije, kandi ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya “Inshingano” ebyiri ntabwo rikomeye ku buryo twakura amasomo ku manza za ruswa no gukumira ingaruka za ruswa; ubuyobozi no kubaka amakipe y'abakozi ntabwo bikomeye bihagije, hariho icyuho mugushyira mubikorwa gahunda yo kubaka amashyaka, kubaka itsinda ryabakozi muri gahunda ntabwo bihagije, kandi gushishikarira abakozi ntibihagije; ibitekerezo byubugenzuzi bukuru Ikibazo, "tutibagiwe umugambi wambere, uzirikana ubutumwa" ikibazo cyo gusuzuma insanganyamatsiko yuburezi, ingaruka zo gukosora ntabwo zigaragara bihagije. Muri icyo gihe kandi, itsinda ry’ubugenzuzi ryabonye kandi ibimenyetso byerekana bamwe mu bakozi bayoboye, bimuriwe muri Komisiyo Nkuru ishinzwe kugenzura imyitwarire, Komisiyo ishinzwe ubugenzuzi bwa Leta, n’ishami ry’umuryango wo hagati kugira ngo bikemurwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza abigenga.

Xue Li yatanze ibitekerezo bine byo gukosora no kuvugurura: Icya mbere, wige neza kandi ushyire mu bikorwa ibitekerezo bya Xi Jinping ku bijyanye n’abasosiyalisiti hamwe n’ibiranga Ubushinwa mu bihe bishya ndetse n’umwuka wa Kongere y’igihugu ya 19 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa, ushimangire “imyumvire ine” , gushimangira “ibyiringiro bine”, no kugera kuri “Maintenance” ebyiri kugira ngo duteze imbere ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ibyemezo bikomeye no kohereza Komite Nkuru y'Ishyaka ku mirimo yo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge. Kora witonze imirimo n'inshingano zo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge no gushimangira ivugurura no guhanga udushya muri gahunda yo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge. Kongera ubumenyi mu gukumira no kugenzura ingaruka, no kunoza ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge kugira ngo ikemure ibibazo byihutirwa by’ubuzima rusange. Iya kabiri ni ugushyira mubikorwa "inshingano ebyiri" no gukomera kumajwi nyamukuru y "gukomera" igihe kirekire. Kurandura burundu ingaruka mbi z’imanza za ruswa, incamake kandi yimbitse muri make amasomo, gushimangira gukosora no kuvugurura bivuye mu nshingano z’ubugenzuzi n’uburyo bwo kugenzura no kugenzura, no guteza imbere gukumira ruswa, gukumira ruswa, no gushyiraho isuku kandi nziza. ibidukikije bya politiki. Icya gatatu ni ugushyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo umurongo w'ishyaka mu bihe bishya, gushimangira kwiyubaka kw'itsinda ry'abayobozi, gufata ingamba zikomeye zo kunoza imyumvire n'inshingano by'abayoboke b'ishyaka n'abakozi mu kwihangira imirimo, guharanira kubaka urwego rwo hejuru- itsinda ryiza rishinzwe kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge byumwuga, no gukomeza kunoza ireme ryimirimo yo kubaka amashyaka. Icya kane ni ugushyira mubikorwa inshingano za politiki zo gukosora no kuvugurura, no guhuza ibibazo bishya byavumbuwe byubugenzuzi nibibazo byubugenzuzi bwuburezi ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti "kutibagirwa umugambi wambere no kuzirikana ubutumwa", nibibazo bya gukosorwa bidahagije mugihe cyiperereza ryanyuma. Kimwe cya kabiri cy'ingingo ”.

Li Shulei yashimangiye ko itsinda ry’ishyaka rya Leta rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge rigomba kurushaho kunoza imyanya ya politiki, rikomeza gutsimbarara ku gukoresha ibihe bishya bya Xi Jinping by’abasosiyalisiti biranga abashinwa kugira ngo bitange ibitekerezo, bayobore imikorere, kandi biteze imbere umurimo, birusheho gushimangira imyumvire y’ubutumwa n’inshingano za politiki , kandi uhuze cyane nigihe gishya, ibintu bishya nibihe bishya. Ibisabwa, gushimangira kumva inshingano no kumva ko byihutirwa, uhereye hejuru y '“ibintu bibiri muri rusange” no kuvugurura gahunda y’imiyoborere y’igihugu n’ubushobozi bw’imiyoborere, gusobanukirwa neza amategeko y’ibihe bishya, gusobanukirwa neza imikorere n'inshingano zahawe n'ishyaka na Leta, kandi bigashyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo komite nkuru y’ishyaka guhuza ibikorwa byo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo cy’icyorezo no kurwanya no guteza imbere ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y'abaturage, gukora neza akazi keza mu “bikorwa bitandatu”, gushyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo “garanti esheshatu” imirimo n'ibindi byemezo no kuyishyira mu bikorwa, gushyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo komite nkuru y’ishyaka kurushaho kunoza ibyifuzo by’ivugurura, no gushimangira byimazeyo “imyumvire ine” no gushimangira “ibyiringiro bine.” , Menya ko "ibyingenzi bibiri" bishyirwa mubikorwa mugukora imirimo kandi bigaragarira mubikorwa byihariye. Gushyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo inshingano nyamukuru n’ubugenzuzi bw’imiyoborere ikaze y’ishyaka, ukurikiza insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru y '“gukomera” igihe kirekire, kohereza igitutu mu nzego zose, gushimangira ubugenzuzi n’imicungire y’imitwe iyobowe, gushyiraho no kunoza kugenzura no gukumira ingufu. uburyo, no kongera ubunyangamugayo, Ubukomezi bwa bureucracy bwatumye imiyoborere yuzuye kandi ihamye y’ishyaka igwa ku ndunduro kandi ihari. Gushyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo umurongo w’ishyaka mu gihe gishya, gushimangira neza kubaka abayobozi n’abakozi, kuzamura ubushobozi bw’imiyoborere, no gutanga ingwate za politiki n’inzego zo gushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo bya komite nkuru y’ishyaka no gufata ibyemezo.

Li Shulei yagaragaje ko ari ngombwa kwiga byimazeyo no gushyira mu bikorwa umwuka w’umunyamabanga mukuru Xi Jinping ijambo ry’ingenzi ku mirimo y’ubugenzuzi, no gusobanukirwa gukosora ubugenzuzi no gukoresha ibisubizo bivuye mu rwego rwa politiki. Itsinda ry’ishyaka, cyane cyane bagenzi babo bashinzwe, bagomba gufata inshingano nyamukuru, gutegura itsinda ryiga neza, gukora urutonde rwibibazo, urutonde rwibikorwa, urutonde rwinshingano, gukora ubugenzuzi no gukosora inama idasanzwe yubuzima bwa demokarasi, guhuza ubugenzuzi no gukosora burimunsi akazi, mu kunoza ivugurura, mu miyoborere yuzuye kandi ikaze y’ishyaka, no kubaka amatsinda. Birakenewe guhuza ibibazo bishya byavumbuwe byubugenzuzi nibibazo byubugenzuzi bwuburezi ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti: "Ntiwibagirwe umugambi wambere kandi uzirikane ubutumwa" hamwe nibibazo byubugenzuzi bwa nyuma no gukosora bidahari. Guhuriza hamwe gukosora no gukosora, gushyiraho no kunoza uburyo bwigihe kirekire bwo gukosora no kuvugurura, no guteza imbere ibintu bitandukanye byubuyobozi bwa leta bishinzwe ibiyobyabwenge. Iterambere ryiza-ryiza ryakazi. Inzego zishinzwe ubugenzuzi n’ubugenzuzi n’amashami y’inzego zigomba gushimangira ubugenzuzi bwa buri munsi bw’ubugenzuzi n’ikosorwa, gushyira mu bikorwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ikosora mu isuzuma ryuzuye ry’imiyoborere yuzuye kandi ikaze y’ishyaka n’itsinda ry’abayobozi, kandi rikagira uruhare runini mu gukosora amakosa no gukosora ibinyoma; .

Li Li yavuze ko ubugenzuzi bukuru ari isuzuma rya politiki no kubatizwa mu mwuka w'ishyaka ku mashyaka, abayoboke b'ishyaka ndetse n'abakozi bo mu nzego zose z'ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiyobyabwenge. Ibitekerezo by'itsinda ry'ubugenzuzi ni ibintu bifatika, bifatika kandi byimbitse. Itsinda ryishyaka FDA ryemera byimazeyo, rifatana uburemere, kandi rikosora byimazeyo. Icya mbere, tugomba kugera ku "buryo bubiri", kwiga byimbitse no gushyira mu bikorwa ibihe bishya bya Xi Jinping by’abasosiyalisiti biranga Abashinwa, kandi tugakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo duteze imbere umwuka w’amabwiriza akomeye y’umunyamabanga mukuru Xi Jinping no gushyira mu bikorwa Ishyaka. Komite Nkuru ifata ibyemezo no kohereza. Icya kabiri, tugomba gushyira mubikorwa ubwitonzi no kuvugurura ibitekerezo byatanzwe nitsinda rishinzwe ubugenzuzi bukuru, gushiraho no kunoza ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwamezi atatu nuburyo bukoreshwa bwigihe kirekire bwo kugenzura no gukosora, gushimangira inshingano, igihe ntarengwa, nimbaraga zifatika kuri kora akazi keza mugukosora. Icya gatatu, tugomba gushyira mubikorwa byimazeyo inshingano za politiki zo kuyobora ishyaka, kandi tugaharanira kubaka uburyo bwigihe kirekire buteza imbere imwe idatinyuka ruswa, idashobora ruswa, cyangwa idashaka ruswa. Icya kane, tugomba kwihangana mukubaka imyubakire yimirimo, tugashyira mubikorwa tutizigamye umwuka wamabwiriza umunani nkuru, kandi dushishikarize neza abakozi gufata inshingano. Icya gatanu, tugomba gushimangira iyubakwa ryitsinda ryabakozi, gukurikiza ihame ryubuyobozi bwishyaka ryabakozi, no gushimangira amahugurwa no kungurana ibitekerezo. Icya gatandatu, tugomba gusohoza mu budahemuka inshingano za politiki zo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge, tugakorera byimazeyo ikibazo rusange cyo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo, guteza imbere ivugururwa rya gahunda yo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge n’ubushobozi bwo kugenzura, kandi duharanira gutsinda “intsinzi ebyiri” yo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo no kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge.

Umuyobozi wungirije hamwe na bagenzi be bifitanye isano nitsinda rya kabiri ryubugenzuzi bwa Komite Nkuru, bagenzi babo bireba Ibiro bikuru by’itsinda rishinzwe ubugenzuzi bukuru, ibiro bishinzwe ubugenzuzi n’ubugenzuzi bya komisiyo nkuru ishinzwe kugenzura imyitwarire, ibiro bireba ishami ry’umuryango w’ibanze, Komisiyo Nkuru ishinzwe ubugenzuzi bwa disipulini na komisiyo ishinzwe ubugenzuzi bwa leta mu buyobozi bwa Leta bushinzwe kugenzura amasoko n’imiyoborere y’itsinda ry’abayobozi hamwe n’abagize itsinda rikomeye ry’ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiyobyabwenge bitabiriye inama; abasangirangendo b'inararibonye bo mu kigo cya Leta gishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge bari baravuye mu myanya y'ubuyobozi mu myaka itatu ishize, hamwe na bagenzi babo bashinzwe mu nzego zitandukanye no mu bice bitandukanye bayobowe na Beijing bitabiriye iyo nama.