Amakuru

"Amabwiriza mashya agenga ubugenzuzi n’imicungire y’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi" (aha ni ukuvuga "Amabwiriza mashya") yasohotse, agaragaza icyiciro gishya mu gusuzuma no kuvugurura ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi mu gihugu cyanjye. “Amabwiriza yerekeye kugenzura no gucunga ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi” ​​yashyizweho mu 2000, avugururwa ku buryo bwuzuye muri 2014, anavugururwa igice muri 2017. Iri vugurura riri imbere y’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda mu myaka yashize ndetse n’ibihe bishya bya kunoza ivugurura. By'umwihariko, Komite Nkuru y'Ishyaka n'Inama ya Leta bafashe ibyemezo byinshi ndetse no kohereza ku ivugurura rya gahunda yo gusuzuma no kwemeza imiti n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, no gushimangira ibyavuye mu ivugurura binyuze mu mategeko n'amabwiriza. Duhereye ku nzego, tuzakomeza guteza imbere udushya tw’ubuvuzi, duteze imbere iterambere ryiza ry’inganda, dutezimbere ubuzima bw’isoko, kandi duhuze icyifuzo cy’abaturage ku bikoresho by’ubuvuzi byujuje ubuziranenge.
Ibintu byingenzi byaranze “Amabwiriza” mashya bigaragarira cyane cyane mu bice bikurikira:
1. Komeza gushishikariza guhanga udushya no guteza imbere ubuziranenge bwiza bwinganda zubuvuzi
Guhanga udushya nimbaraga zambere zitera iterambere. Kuva Kongere y’igihugu ya 18 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa, Komite Nkuru y’Ishyaka n’Inama ya Leta bashimangiye cyane guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, bashyira mu bikorwa ingamba z’iterambere zishingiye ku guhanga udushya, kandi byihutisha iterambere ry’udushya twuzuye hamwe n’udushya tw’ikoranabuhanga nk’ibanze. Kuva mu 2014, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibiribwa n’ibiyobyabwenge cyafashije ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi birenga 100 ndetse n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi byihutirwa byihutirwa kwemererwa gutondekwa binyuze mu ngamba nko kubaka umuyoboro w’icyatsi kugira ngo usuzume kandi wemeze ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bishya. Ishyaka ryo guhanga udushya ni ryinshi, kandi inganda ziratera imbere byihuse. Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gushyira mu bikorwa ibisabwa na Komite Nkuru y’Ishyaka n’Inama y’igihugu kugira ngo bateze imbere ivugurura n’ikoranabuhanga mu nganda zikoreshwa mu buvuzi no kuzamura ubushobozi bw’inganda, iri vugurura ryerekana umwuka wo gukomeza gushishikariza udushya no guteza imbere inganda. hashingiwe ku kurinda umutekano n’ingirakamaro mu gukoresha abaturage ibikoresho. “Amabwiriza” mashya ateganya ko Leta ishyiraho gahunda na politiki y’inganda zikoreshwa mu buvuzi, igashyira udushya tw’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi mu bikorwa byihutirwa by’iterambere, igashyigikira iterambere ry’amavuriro no gukoresha ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bishya, biteza imbere ubushobozi bwigenga bwo guhanga udushya, biteza imbere ubuziranenge bw’ubuvuzi. inganda zikoreshwa, kandi zizashyiraho kandi zinonosore Gushyira mubikorwa igenamigambi ryinganda no kuyobora politiki yikigo; kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura ibikoresho byubuvuzi, gushyigikira ubushakashatsi bwibanze nubushakashatsi bukoreshwa, no gutanga inkunga mumishinga yubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, gutera inkunga, inguzanyo, gupiganira amasoko, gutanga amasoko, ubwishingizi bwubuvuzi, nibindi.; gushyigikira ishyirwaho ryibigo cyangwa gushinga ibigo byubushakashatsi, no gushishikariza Uruganda gukorana na kaminuza n’ibigo byubuvuzi gukora udushya; irashimira kandi ihemba ibice n'abantu ku giti cyabo bagize uruhare runini mu bushakashatsi no guhanga udushya tw’ubuvuzi. Intego y'aya mabwiriza yavuzwe haruguru ni ugukomeza gushimangira imbaraga zo guhanga udushya mu mibereho mu buryo bwose, no guteza imbere igihugu cyanjye kuva mu gihugu kinini gikora ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi kigana ku nganda zikora.
2. Guhuriza hamwe ibyavuye mu ivugurura no kunoza urwego rwo kugenzura ibikoresho byubuvuzi
Mu mwaka wa 2015, Inama ya Leta yasohoye “Igitekerezo cyo kuvugurura uburyo bwo gusuzuma no kwemeza ibiyobyabwenge n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi”, byumvikanisha ko havugururwa. Muri 2017, Ibiro Bikuru n'Inama ya Leta byasohoye “Ibitekerezo byo kunoza ivugurura rya sisitemu yo gusuzuma no kwemeza no gushishikariza guhanga udushya n'ibiyobyabwenge n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi”. Ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiryo n'ibiyobyabwenge cyashyizeho ingamba zo kuvugurura. Iri vugurura rizaba igice cya sisitemu yo gukura igereranijwe kandi ikora neza. Ni ingamba zingenzi zo gushimangira ibyagezweho, gukora inshingano zubuyobozi, kunoza ibipimo ngenderwaho, no gukorera ubuzima rusange. Nko gushyira mubikorwa ibikoresho byubuvuzi byamamaza uruhushya rwogutanga uruhushya, guhitamo no guhuza itangwa ryumutungo winganda; gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwihariye bwo kumenyekanisha ibikoresho byubuvuzi intambwe ku yindi kugirango turusheho kunoza ibicuruzwa bikurikirana; ongeraho amabwiriza yo kwemerera gukoresha amavuriro yagutse kugirango yerekane ubwenge bugenga.
3. Hindura uburyo bwo kwemeza no kunoza sisitemu yo gusuzuma no kwemeza
Sisitemu nziza niyo garanti yiterambere ryiza. Muri gahunda yo kuvugurura "Amabwiriza" mashya, twasesenguye neza ibibazo byimbitse byimbitse byagaragaye mubikorwa byo kugenzura burimunsi byari bigoye guhuza nibikenewe mubihe bishya, twigiye byuzuye muburambe mpuzamahanga bwo kugenzura mpuzamahanga, dutezimbere ubugenzuzi bwubwenge, kandi yahinduye uburyo bwo gusuzuma no kwemeza no kunoza sisitemu yo gusuzuma no kwemeza. Kunoza urwego rwa sisitemu yo gusuzuma no kwemeza ibikoresho byubuvuzi byigihugu cyanjye, no kunoza ireme nubushobozi bwo gusuzuma, gusuzuma no kwemeza. Kurugero, gusobanura isano iri hagati yisuzuma ryamavuriro nigeragezwa ryamavuriro, no kwerekana umutekano ningirakamaro byibicuruzwa binyuze munzira zitandukanye zogusuzuma ukurikije ubukure, ibyago nibisubizo byubushakashatsi butari ivuriro ryibicuruzwa, kugabanya umutwaro wikigereranyo udakenewe mubuvuzi; guhindura ibyemezo byo kugerageza kwa kliniki kuburuhushya rwerekanwe, kugabanya igihe cyo Kwemeza; abasaba kwiyandikisha bemerewe gutanga ibicuruzwa byo kugenzura ibicuruzwa kugirango barusheho kugabanya ibiciro bya R&D; kwemererwa byemewe biremewe kubikoresho byubuvuzi bikenewe byihutirwa nko kuvura indwara zidasanzwe, byangiza ubuzima cyane no gukemura ibibazo byubuzima rusange. Guhaza ibyifuzo byabarwayi mugihe cyagenwe; komatanya ubunararibonye bwo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo gishya cy’umusonga kugira ngo wongere imikoreshereze yihutirwa y’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi no kunoza ubushobozi bwo gutabara byihutirwa by’ubuzima rusange.
Icya kane, kwihutisha kubaka informatisation, no kongera ubukana bwa "delegasiyo, ubuyobozi, na serivisi"
Ugereranije nubugenzuzi gakondo, kugenzura amakuru bifite ibyiza byo kwihuta, korohereza no gukwirakwiza byinshi. Kubaka amakuru ni kimwe mubikorwa byingenzi byo kunoza ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ninzego za serivisi. “Amabwiriza” mashya yerekanye ko Leta izashimangira iyubakwa ry’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi no kugenzura amakuru, kuzamura urwego rwa serivisi za Leta kuri interineti, no gutanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gutanga uruhushya rw’ubuyobozi no gutanga ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi. Ibisobanuro ku bikoresho byubuvuzi byatanzwe cyangwa byanditswe bizanyuzwa mu bibazo bya interineti ku ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge mu Nama y’igihugu. Ihuriro rimenyeshwa rubanda. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba zavuzwe haruguru rizarushaho kunoza imikorere y’ubugenzuzi no kugabanya ibiciro byo gusuzuma no kwemeza abasaba kwiyandikisha. Muri icyo gihe kandi, abaturage bazamenyeshwa amakuru y’ibicuruzwa byashyizwe ku rutonde mu buryo bwuzuye, bwuzuye kandi ku gihe, kuyobora abaturage gukoresha intwaro, kwemera ubugenzuzi bw’imibereho, no kunoza imikorere y’ubugenzuzi bwa leta.
5. Gukurikiza ubugenzuzi bwa siyansi no guteza imbere ivugurura rya sisitemu yubugenzuzi nubushobozi bwo kugenzura
“Amabwiriza” mashya yavuze neza ko kugenzura no gucunga ibikoresho byubuvuzi bigomba gukurikiza amahame yo kugenzura siyanse. Ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiribwa n’ibiyobyabwenge cyatangije gahunda y’ibikorwa bigamije kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge mu mwaka wa 2019, gishingiye kuri za kaminuza zizwi cyane zo mu gihugu ndetse n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi kugira ngo hashyizweho ibirindiro byinshi by’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi, bifashisha byimazeyo imbaraga z’imibereho kugira ngo bikemure ibibazo n’ibibazo biri mu mirimo igenzura munsi yigihe gishya nibihe bishya. Inzitizi, ubushakashatsi bwibikoresho bishya, amahame, nuburyo bwo kuzamura imirimo yubumenyi, ireba imbere kandi ihuza n'imikorere. Icyiciro cya mbere cyibikorwa byingenzi byubushakashatsi bwibikoresho byubuvuzi byakozwe byageze ku musaruro utanga umusaruro, naho icyiciro cya kabiri cy’imishinga y’ubushakashatsi kizatangira vuba. Mugushimangira ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi yubugenzuzi nubuyobozi, tuzakomeza gushyira mubikorwa igitekerezo cyubugenzuzi bwa siyanse muri sisitemu nuburyo bukoreshwa, kandi tunarusheho kunoza urwego rwa siyansi, amategeko, mpuzamahanga ndetse nuburyo bugezweho bwo kugenzura ibikoresho byubuvuzi.

Inkomoko y'ingingo: Minisiteri y'Ubutabera